more events on July 13
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1971
The Army of Morocco executes 10 leaders accused of leading a revolt.
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1954
In Geneva, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, the People’s Republic of China and France reach an accord on Indochina, dividing Vietnam into two countries, North and South, along the 17th parallel.
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1941
Britain and the Soviet Union sign a mutual aid pact, providing the means for Britain to send war materiel to the Soviet Union.
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1939
Frank Sinatra records his first song, “From the Bottom of My Heart,” with the Harry James Band.
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1935
Jack Kemp, football player, politician.
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1934
Wole Soyinka, Nobel Prize-winning Nigerian playwright.
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1933
David Storey, English novelist (The Sporting Life).
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1928
Robert N.C. Nix, Jr., first African-American chief justice of a state supreme court.
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1886
Edward J. Flanagan, Catholic priest, founder of Boys’ Town.
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1878
The Congress of Berlin divides the Balkans among European powers.
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1866
The Great Eastern begins a two week voyage to complete a 12-year effort to lay telegraph cable across the Atlantic between Britain and the United States.
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1863
Opponents of the draft begin three days of rioting in New York City.
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1862
Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest defeats a Union army at Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
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1832
Henry Schoolcraft discovers the source of the Mississippi River in Minnesota.
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1798
English poet William Wordsworth visits the ruins of Tintern Abbey.
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1793
John Clare, English poet.
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1787
Congress, under the Articles of Confederation, enacts the Northwest Ordinance, establishing rules for governing the Northwest Territory, for admitting new states to the Union and limiting the expansion of slavery.
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1754
George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to the French, leaving them in control of the Ohio Valley.
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1643
In England, the Roundheads, led by Sir William Waller, are defeated by Royalist troops under Lord Wilmot in the Battle of Roundway Down.
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1585
A group of 108 English colonists, led by Sir Richard Grenville, reaches Roanoke Island, North Carolina.
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1558
Led by the Count of Egmont, the Spanish army defeats the French at Gravelines, France.
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1534
Ottoman armies capture Tabriz in northwestern Persia.
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1099
The Crusaders launch their final assault on Jerusalem.