• Subscribe Now
  • Today In History
  • Wars & Events
    • The Russia–Ukraine War
    • American Revolution
    • The Civil War
    • World War I
    • World War II
    • Cold War
    • Korean War
    • Vietnam War
    • Global War on Terror
    • Movements
      • Women’s Rights
      • Civil Rights
      • Abolition of Slavery
  • Famous People
    • U.S. Presidents
    • World Leaders
    • Military Leaders
    • Outlaws & Lawmen
    • Activists
    • Artists & Writers
    • Celebrities
    • Scientists
    • Philosophers
  • Eras
    • Modern Era
      • 2000s
      • 1900s
      • 1800s
    • Early Modern
      • 1700s
      • 1600s
      • 1500s
    • The Middle Ages
    • Classical Era
    • Prehistory
  • Topics
    • Black History
    • Slavery
    • Women’s History
    • Prisoners of War
    • Firsthand Accounts
    • Technology & Weaponry
    • Aviation & Spaceflight
    • Naval & Maritime
    • Politics
    • Military History
    • Art & Literature
    • News
    • Entertainment & Culture
    • Historical Figures
    • Photography
    • Wild West
    • Social History
    • Native American History
  • Magazines
    • American History
    • America’s Civil War
    • Aviation History
    • Civil War Times
    • Military History
    • Military History Quarterly
    • Vietnam
    • Wild West
    • World War II
  • Newsletters
  • Podcasts
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Facebook
  • Twitter
  • Instagram
  • YouTube
Skip to content
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Facebook
  • Twitter
  • Instagram
  • YouTube
HistoryNet

HistoryNet

The most comprehensive and authoritative history site on the Internet.

  • Subscribe Now
  • Today In History
  • Wars & Events
    • The Russia–Ukraine War
    • American Revolution
    • The Civil War
    • World War I
    • World War II
    • Cold War
    • Korean War
    • Vietnam War
    • Global War on Terror
    • Movements
      • Women’s Rights
      • Civil Rights
      • Abolition of Slavery
  • Famous People
    • U.S. Presidents
    • World Leaders
    • Military Leaders
    • Outlaws & Lawmen
    • Activists
    • Artists & Writers
    • Celebrities
    • Scientists
    • Philosophers
  • Eras
    • Modern Era
      • 2000s
      • 1900s
      • 1800s
    • Early Modern
      • 1700s
      • 1600s
      • 1500s
    • The Middle Ages
    • Classical Era
    • Prehistory
  • Topics
    • Black History
    • Slavery
    • Women’s History
    • Prisoners of War
    • Firsthand Accounts
    • Technology & Weaponry
    • Aviation & Spaceflight
    • Naval & Maritime
    • Politics
    • Military History
    • Art & Literature
    • News
    • Entertainment & Culture
    • Historical Figures
    • Photography
    • Wild West
    • Social History
    • Native American History
  • Magazines
    • American History
    • America’s Civil War
    • Aviation History
    • Civil War Times
    • Military History
    • Military History Quarterly
    • Vietnam
    • Wild West
    • World War II
  • Newsletters
  • Podcasts
Posted inStories

A Warm Welcome Turns Cold in Nazi-Occupied Ukraine

After the initial euphoria of their “liberation” from Soviet rule wore off, Ukrainians were destined to experience the Nazis as some of the cruelest conquerors in history.
by Laurence Rees11/5/20121/25/2022
Bicycle troops of the Wehrmacht in Kharkov in June 1942. (Berliner Verlag/Archiv/Picture Alliance/Getty Images))
Share This Article

The German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 is remembered as Hitler’s most catastrophic military mistake. But in 1941 it didn’t seem to be a mistake at all. “Everyone thought at the beginning that the war will result in the complete defeat of the Soviet Union,” said Aleksey Bris, who was an 18-year-old Ukrainian student in 1941. “When the war broke out between Germany and the Soviet Union, the population thought that things would change for the better. There was a feeling that the Soviet Union might collapse. The collapse that happened in the 1990s could have happened at that time.”

Far from being frightened by the arrival of the Nazis, Bris and his friends welcomed them. “Ukrainians could see a different way of life. They saw they could go to dances and have different clothes and that there was free communication between people.”

When I heard Bris say these words, as he sat in his small house near his home village of Horokhiv, they opened up for me a sudden vision of what might have been. Maybe he was right, maybe the whole course of the Nazi occupation of the Soviet Union could have been different.

But then, after a moment’s reflection, I realized that this could never have happened. The whole nature of Nazism meant that after the initial euphoria of their “liberation” from Soviet rule wore off, Ukrainians were destined to experience the Nazis as some of the cruelest conquerors in history.

Consider the words of Erich Koch, Reich commissioner of the Ukraine and one of Hitler’s closest and oldest comrades: “We are a master race that must remember that the lowliest German worker is racially and biologically a thousand times more valuable than the population here.” Bris soon found out just what those words meant. He found a job translating for the Nazis, and even struck up a friendship with a German secretary. But within months he had a conversation with his boss that proved to be a turning point. Bris asked to go to a university and improve his education, but was told, “We don’t need you Ukrainians as doctors or engineers. We need you as people to tend cows.”

Bris’s joy at the arrival of the Nazis was suddenly replaced by bitterness. And over the next few weeks his anger toward the Nazis grew so great that he felt “on the edge of a mental collapse.” Finally, one day in fall 1942, came the moment that changed his life. While walking through his village he saw a German policeman hit a Ukrainian villager with a cane. Bris grabbed the policeman’s arm and pushed him away. “The emotions come first,” he said, “and you don’t think about the consequences…?. I just hated that our nation was brought to slavery. When you feel that the whole nation is being humiliated you have to do something whether you like it or not, so I was ready to strike them.”

Pursued by the police, Bris fled to the safety of the forest. For the next two years he fought in one of history’s most brutal partisan struggles. With the nationalist Ukrainska Povstanska Armiia (Ukrainian Insurgent Army) he fought the Germans as well as Soviet partisans. No prisoners were taken on either side in this shadowy war and atrocities were commonplace. The Soviet partisans, in particular, were infamous for cutting out the tongues of some of the Ukrainian Insurgents they captured. By comparison, Bris remembers, the Germans “just” hanged prisoners, and didn’t usually torture them beforehand.

Aleksey Bris was fortunate enough to live to see the dream he once thought the Nazis would fulfill: Ukraine finally became an independent state in 1991.

Share This Article
by Laurence Rees

more by Laurence Rees

    Dive deeper

    • Soviet Union

    Citation information

    Laurence Rees (7/14/2025) A Warm Welcome Turns Cold in Nazi-Occupied Ukraine. HistoryNet Retrieved from https://www.historynet.com/a-warm-welcome-turns-cold-in-nazi-occupied-ukraine/.
    "A Warm Welcome Turns Cold in Nazi-Occupied Ukraine."Laurence Rees - 7/14/2025, https://www.historynet.com/a-warm-welcome-turns-cold-in-nazi-occupied-ukraine/
    Laurence Rees 11/5/2012 A Warm Welcome Turns Cold in Nazi-Occupied Ukraine., viewed 7/14/2025,<https://www.historynet.com/a-warm-welcome-turns-cold-in-nazi-occupied-ukraine/>
    Laurence Rees - A Warm Welcome Turns Cold in Nazi-Occupied Ukraine. [Internet]. [Accessed 7/14/2025]. Available from: https://www.historynet.com/a-warm-welcome-turns-cold-in-nazi-occupied-ukraine/
    Laurence Rees. "A Warm Welcome Turns Cold in Nazi-Occupied Ukraine." Laurence Rees - Accessed 7/14/2025. https://www.historynet.com/a-warm-welcome-turns-cold-in-nazi-occupied-ukraine/
    "A Warm Welcome Turns Cold in Nazi-Occupied Ukraine." Laurence Rees [Online]. Available: https://www.historynet.com/a-warm-welcome-turns-cold-in-nazi-occupied-ukraine/. [Accessed: 7/14/2025]

    Related stories

    Stories

    Portfolio: Images of War as Landscape

    Whether they produced battlefield images of the dead or daguerreotype portraits of common soldiers, […]

    Stories

    Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot

    In 1964 an Ohio woman took up the challenge that had led to Amelia Earhart’s disappearance.

    Stories

    Celebrating the Legacy of the Office of Strategic Services 82 Years On

    From the OSS to the CIA, how Wild Bill Donovan shaped the American intelligence community.

    Review

    Seminoles Taught American Soldiers a Thing or Two About Guerrilla Warfare

    During the 1835–42 Second Seminole War and as Army scouts out West, these warriors from the South proved formidable.

    HistoryNet
    • Facebook
    • Twitter
    • Instagram
    • YouTube

    “History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. History is who we are and why we are the way we are.”

    David McCullough, author of “1776”

    HistoryNet.com is brought to you by HistoryNet LLC, the world’s largest publisher of history magazines. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines.

    Our Magazines

    • American History
    • America’s Civil War
    • Aviation History
    • Civil War Times
    • Military History
    • Military History Quarterly
    • Vietnam
    • Wild West
    • World War II

    About Us

    • What Is HistoryNet.com?
    • Advertise With Us
    • Careers
    • Meet Our Staff!

    Stay Curious

    Subscribe to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from master historians.

    sign me up!

    © 2025 HistoryNet.
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms of Service