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U.S. Army's B Company, 504th Military Police Battalion Patrolled Central Highlands Highways During the Vietnam War

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The basic Roadrunner vehicle was a modified quarter-ton truck (gun-jeep). Tops and windshields were removed (the latter in 1968), and armor plating installed. Sandbags were also used on the floorboards to add some protection against mine blasts. Each jeep mounted an M-60 machine gun that could traverse 360 degrees, and the occupants also carried M-16s, M-79 grenade launchers, .45-caliber pistols and various grenades. Occasionally, something exotic (such as M-72 light anti-tank weapons (LAWs) was added to the arsenal, but only when available. It seemed as if the ordinance sergeant would rid himself of aging explosives by outfitting the highwaymen with anything, whether they needed it or not.

In 1967, the patrols also used the infamous Cadillac-Gage V-100 Commando armored car, which required a three-man crew. Although C Company was reported to have had success with it (such as protecting the occupants from a mine explosion), B Company patrols never really took to this strange-looking monster. Because of the constant malfunctioning of the twin .30-caliber machine guns and difficulties with the engine starters, the V-100 (nicknamed 'coffin on wheels') never gained the confidence of the Roadrunners. By mid-1968, the use of V-100s was discontinued on B Company's section of Route 19.

Flak jackets and helmets were required for road patrol, but during the dry season these were often found missing from the uniform. In their place, Roadrunners might don scarves or sunglasses as they sped down the road. Large goggles were supplied and used to keep dust or rain out of the driver's eyes; they were mandatory if one was to see through a driving rain. Two other unofficial items rounded out the highwayman's basic equipment–the Roadrunner patch and an ever-present paperback book to help relive the boredom of a long day on the road.

Of course, along Highway 19, there were times when it wasn't safe to be reading a book. Just about everything in the U.S. arsenal was brought to bear at one time or another on this road. Besides the MPs and their firepower, armored units from black Hawk Firebase (situated between Pleiku and Mang Yang Pass) stationed themselves at key checkpoints.

The road was like a giant snake, winding its way through the red soil of the Highlands, for it seemed to have a life of its own and was constantly changing. Built during the French regime, Colonial Route 19 had seen many historical battles and was the site where the Viet Minh had savagely attacked Mobile Group 100 in June of 1954. Now, involved in yet another war, the road took on a different look. As they had done on Highway 14 from Pleiku to Kontum (a stretch of road also patrolled by Roadrunners), engineers used specially equipped Rome plows to clear the jungle for 100 yards on both sides of the road. And, in almost a year's time, the two-lane dirt road of Highway 19 was paved.

Both of these improvements contributed to the well-being of the Roadrunners and truckers by making mining and ambushing more difficult for the Viet Cong. The part of the road at Mang Yang Pass had earned the foreboding name 'Ambush Alley,' and the defoliant Agent Orange was sprayed there in 1968 to make life more difficult for enemy snipers. Unfortunately, during one of these aerial sprayings, a Roadrunner patrol was also given a dose of the defoliant.

Perhaps the most imaginative change along Highway 19 was the construction of an above-ground pipeline that was being water-tested in July 1968. By September, petroleum products were being pumped more than 100 miles from Qui Nhon to the storage tanks in the Pleiku tank farm. Even though the VC sabotaged these pipes quite often, the success of the pipeline lessened the necessity to line-haul with the 5,000-gallon tankers. It also gave birth to new bases, called pump stations, that were spread out along the road.

The typical patrol (usually eight jeeps) on Highway 19 pulled out of the camp gate each morning at 7:00. Checkpoint 36A was the kickoff point from Pleiku onto Highway 19. The Roadrunners grouped there, waiting for the 'big boys' (the tanks and APCs) to clear the road of mines; then, with the words, 'Highway one niner Echo is now open,' all the gun-jeeps (except for one that remained at the CP to coordinate the convoys) sped off into the fate of another day. Responsibility on the road was divided: one patrol (two gun-jeeps) took one half of the road, while another patrolled the other half. In charge of everything was another patrol that included the leader (usually a buck sergeant) of all the Roadrunners in the field that day. This patrol would roam over the entire area, reacting to events and assisting where needed. Usually four convoys would make the hazardous trip down Highway 19 (two in each direction) each day.

At the end of each day came a mandatory operation known as 'the sweep.' After the last westbound convoy of the day had passed, a Roadrunner patrol would begin the sweep at Checkpoint 27 (the farthest point of responsibility for the Roadrunners) and double back west, over the Mang Yang Pass. At CP 30A (midway point), this patrol would join the rest of the highway patrols and together they would sweep back to Pleiku. If any allied vehicles were found stranded, the returning patrols stayed with them until the problem was fixed, and then escorted them to safety.

While a typical day of patrolling might be long and boring, the danger was always there. Death on the road could come suddenly in the shape of a mine explosion, a sniper's bullet or a B-40 rocket. Accidents also took a heavy toll and were a constant frustration for the highwaymen. Roadrunners tried to convince themselves that the real targets for NVA (North Vietnamese Army) and VC gunners were the American convoys, and not the men in jeeps. As it turned out, the philosophy was probably correct; in any event, it helped control the fear of being so exposed and relatively small in number.

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  1. 6 Comments to “U.S. Army's B Company, 504th Military Police Battalion Patrolled Central Highlands Highways During the Vietnam War”

  2. Nicely written article. I didn't know about the CIB time element.For three months in late 68, 5 of us in Charlie Co.which was in part moved from AnKhe to Camp Evans near QuangTri, lived in a tent on LZ Nancy and patroled daily and relayed radio messeges from Camp Evans to Quang Tri. I often thought we earned the CIB. We were out in the middle of nowhere, on our own, getting by as we could. Note: Charlie Co out of AnKhe ran convoys to Mang Yang Pass (top) and patrolled halfway to Quin Yong. Those jeeps had no "armor", but we were loaded for bear. We were also called "Rat Patrol". We alternated by the week and went out on night ambushes OFF base into the surrounding area. WE were called VC Hunters. Each night we would be briefed by MCV about ARVN units(who occasionally shot at us) and where they were. In September of 68, the "Dirty 30" left with jeeps, weapons and equipment for Camp Evans to start patrols there. The first Air Cav left and the 101st Air Bourne came in and we were attached to them. It was quieter than the Central Highlands. But not as much fun.

    By marv demilio on Feb 12, 2009 at 3:25 pm

  3. Looking for Donald E Robertson (MP) that was assigned to 41st Civil Affairs Company in Vietnam.

    By Jimmie Gonzalez on Apr 5, 2009 at 6:10 pm

  4. I served with the 504th Co.B in VN all of 1967. I too was a RoadRunner and ran between Bong Son and LZ Dog in the North. I hope to link up with the men of the 504th through this website. I left VN one week before the TET offensive.
    My email address is available at (danoleonard@charter.net). I am a retired police lieutenant from Southern Calif. I was a draftee in 1966, did my MP training at Fort Gordon and returned to civilian life in 1968. My serial number was US56693902. I would very much like to hear from anyone who remembers me. I remember S/SGT Buddy Gray, Cpl. Grandish, SP4 Don "Junior" Falconer, SP4 Tom O'Neil (Statin Island, NY). Be safe and enjoy life my fellow friends.

    By SP4 Daniel R. Leonard on May 28, 2009 at 11:13 pm

  5. I served with the 504th in Phu Bai in 1969, escorting 101 convoys into the Ashau Valley, and road patrol from Phu Bai to the Hai Van pass just north of Danang. I was in Phu Bai from April to August 1969, then was reassigned to the 146th MP Platoon in Chu Lai for the rest of my tour. Ran convoys for the Americal Division. Like to hear from any/all of you from the 504th. Really would like to hear from or about Big Dog Roberts out of Chicago.
    jpellis@yahoo.com

    By Jim Ellis on Jun 29, 2009 at 4:06 pm

  6. I was with the 504th.MPBat.running convoy escort.for the Americal Div.at Chu Lai.I do not remember ever seeing an armor plated jeep.We also had the gun jeep with the M60.We were coming back from ,I believe hill 29 and when we started through a small village not very far from the front gate I got a call from some one in the convoy that the JP4 tanker had run over a civilian.We pulled over and let the convoy pass with the exception of the tanker.We turned around and went back.When we got there the driver and his partner were still in the truck.About this time an Arvon Lt. came up to me and stated that they were going to keep them until an investigation was completed.I climbed up on the truck to find out what had taken place.The driver told me that and old mamason had thrown a baby in front of the truck and they hit it and the baby was dead.I told them both to stay in the truck and keep those M16s ready.I got down and walked back to the jeep and told my partner to lock and load the M60 and should anything happen to kill every thing in sight.I picked up my M16 and told the arvon Lt. that we were going to wait for a team to come out from Chu Lai and the men in the tanker were going nowhere.I believe a CID came out with several others and took over at which time I was instructed to go on.I am not writing this looking for anyone to think that I was a Rambo or anything else.What I do know is that when I often think of the incident I wonder just how horified those soldiers would have been had I gotten back in the jeep and left with my partner.When I think of this and how it was handled I sleep better.I hope both of the tankers have lived a very prosperous and happy life along with my partner who was a true American.I also would like to say thank you for the men and women in uniform,before and after Viet Nam for keeping our ! country FREE.

    By W.T.Maner on Jan 17, 2010 at 9:09 am

  7. I was with the 66thm.p, co stationed at Phu Tai. I was on a V-100 and escorted convoys. I still marvel at what we did with such little training and so yong. I had never heard of a V-100 before I got to nam.Some of the situations that we had to take care of while running the roads were pretty nasty, let alone you had to do them in an hostile environment.
    The one thing that I did bring home with me was the wonderful comraderey of the men. I knew that if I or anyone was in an ambush that everyone would do all they could do to help get us out. A wonderful feeling when you are not sure of what you will get into.
    Nice article, I can really relate to.
    Dave

    By David Swisher on Feb 6, 2010 at 11:44 am

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