| 1399 |
|
Richard II is deposed. |
| 1568 |
|
Eric XIV, king of Sweden, is deposed after showing signs of madness. |
| 1630 |
|
John Billington, one of the original pilgrims who sailed to the New World on the Mayflower, becomes the first man executed in the English colonies. He is hanged for having shot another man during a quarrel |
| 1703 |
|
The French, at Hochstadt in the War of the Spanish Succession, suffer only 1,000 casualties to the 11,000 of their opponents, the Austrians of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. |
| 1791 |
|
Mozart’s opera The Magic Flute is performed for the first time in Vienna |
| 1846 |
|
The first anesthetized tooth extraction is performed by Dr. William Morton in Charleston, Massachusetts. |
| 1864 |
|
Confederate troops fail to retake Fort Harrison from the Union forces during the siege of Petersburg. |
| 1911 |
|
Italy declares war on Turkey over control of Tripoli. |
| 1918 |
|
Bulgaria pulls out of World War I. |
| 1927 |
|
Babe Ruth hits his 60th homerun of the season off Tom Zachary in Yankee Stadium, New York City. |
| 1935 |
|
George Gershwin’s opera Porgy and Bess opens at the Colonial Theatre in Boston. |
| 1938 |
|
Under German threats of war, Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign an accord permitting Germany to take control of Sudetenland–a region of Czechoslovakia inhabited by a German-speaking minority. |
| 1939 |
|
The French Army is called back into France from its invasion of Germany. The attack, code named Operation Saar, only penetrated five miles. |
| 1943 |
|
The Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps becomes the Women’s Army Corps, a regular contingent of the U.S. Army with the same status as other army service corps. |
| 1949 |
|
The Berlin Airlift is officially halted after 277,264 flights. |
| 1950 |
|
U.N. forces cross the 38th parallel separating North and South Korea as they pursue the retreating North Korean Army. |
| 1954 |
|
The first atomic-powered submarine, the Nautilus, is commissioned in Groton, Connecticut. |
| 1954 |
|
NATO nations agree to arm and admit West Germany. |
| 1955 |
|
Actor and teen idol James Dean is killed in a car crash while driving his Porsche on his way to enter it into a race in Salinas, California. |
| 1960 |
|
Fifteen African nations are admitted to the United Nations. |
| 1962 |
|
U.S. Marshals escort James H. Meredith into the University of Mississippi; two die in the mob violence that follows. |
| 1965 |
|
President Lyndon Johnson signs legislation that establishes the National Foundation for the Arts and the Humanities. |
|
Born on September 30 |
| 1861 |
|
William Wrigley, Jr., founder of the Wrigley chewing gum empire and owner of the Chicago Cubs baseball team. |
| 1863 |
|
Reinhard von Scheer, German admiral who commanded the German fleet at the Battle of Jutland. |
| 1908 |
|
David Oistrakh, violinist. |
| 1924 |
|
Truman Capote, author and playwright whose works include Breakfast at Tiffany’s and In Cold Blood. |
| 1927 |
|
W.S. Mervin, Pulitzer Prize-winning poet. |
| 1928 |
|
Elie Wiesel, Holocaust survivor, writer, best known for his first book Night about his own experiences in concentration camps. |
| 1935 |
|
Johnny Mathis, singer. |
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