| September 13 |
| 1515 |
|
King Francis of France defeats the Swiss army under Cardinal Matthias Schiner at Marignano, northern Italy. |
| 1549 |
|
Pope Paul III closes the first session of the Council of Bologna. |
| 1564 |
|
On the verge of attacking Pedro Menendez’s Spanish settlement at San Agostin, Florida, Jean Ribault’s French fleet is scattered by a devastating storm. |
| 1759 |
|
British troops defeat the French on the plains of Abraham, in Quebec. |
| 1774 |
|
Tugot, the new controller of finances, urges the king of France to restore the free circulation of grain in the kingdom. |
| 1782 |
|
The British fortress at Gibraltar comes under attack by French and Spanish forces. |
| 1788 |
|
The Constitutional Convention authorizes the first federal election resolving that electors in all the states will be appointed on January 7, 1789. |
| 1789 |
|
Guardsmen in Orleans, France, open fire on rioters trying to loot bakeries, killing 90. |
| 1846 |
|
General Winfield Scott takes Chapultepec, removing the last obstacle to U.S. troops moving on Mexico City. |
| 1862 |
|
Union troops in Frederick, Maryland, discover General Robert E. Lee’s attack plans for the invasion of Maryland wrapped around a pack of cigars. They give the plans to General George B. McClellan who does nothing with them for the next 14 hours. |
| 1863 |
|
The Loudoun County Rangers route a company of Confederate cavalry at Catoctin Mountain in Virginia. |
| 1905 |
|
U.S. warships head to Nicaragua on behalf of American William Albers, who was accused of evading tobacco taxes. |
| 1918 |
|
U.S. and French forces take St. Mihiel, France in America’s first action as a standing army. |
| 1945 |
|
Iran demands the withdrawal of Allied forces. |
| 1951 |
|
In Korea, U.S. Army troops begin their assault in Heartbreak Ridge. The month-long struggle will cost 3,700 casualties. |
| 1961 |
|
An unmanned Mercury capsule is orbited and recovered by NASA in a test. |
| 1976 |
|
The United States announces it will veto Vietnam’s UN bid. |
|
Born on September 13 |
| 1847 |
|
Milton Hershey, founder of the famous candy company. |
| 1851 |
|
Walter Reed, U.S. Army doctor, discovered a cure for yellow fever. |
| 1860 |
|
John J. Pershing, "Black Jack" who led the campaign against Pancho Villa in Mexico and Commanded the American Expeditionary Force in France during World War I. |
| 1863 |
|
Franz von Hipper, German naval commander at the Battle of Jutland in World War I. |
| 1886 |
|
Alain Locke, writer and first African-American Rhodes scholar. |
| 1894 |
|
J.B. Priestley, British novelist and playwright. |
| 1903 |
|
Claudette Colbert, actress who won an Oscar for It Happened One Night. |
| 1911 |
|
Bill Monroe, musician, the Father of Bluegrass. |
| 1911 |
|
Roald Dahl, writer, best known for his children’s books such as James and the Giant Peach. |
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