| September 3 |
| 1189 |
|
After the death of Henry II, Richard Lionheart is crowned king of England. |
| 1260 |
|
Mamelukes under Sultan Qutuz defeat Mongols and Crusaders at Ain Jalut. |
| 1346 |
|
Edward III of England begins the siege of Calais, along the coast of France. |
| 1650 |
|
The English under Cromwell defeat a superior Scottish army under David Leslie at the Battle of Dunbar. |
| 1777 |
|
The American flag (stars & stripes), approved by Congress on June 14th, is carried into battle for the first time by a force under General William Maxwell. |
| 1783 |
|
The Treaty of Paris is signed by Great Britain and the new United States, formally bringing the American Revolution to an end. |
| 1838 |
|
Frederick Douglass escapes slavery disguised as a sailor. He would later write The Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass, his memoirs about slave life. |
| 1855 |
|
General William Harney defeats Little Thunder’s Brule Sioux at the Battle of Blue Water in Nebraska. |
| 1895 |
|
The first professional American football game is played in Latrobe, Pennsylvania between the Latrobe Young Men’s Christian Association and the Jeannette Athletic Club. Latrobe wins 12-0. |
| 1914 |
|
The French capital is moved from Paris to Bordeaux as the Battle of the Marne begins. |
| 1916 |
|
The German Somme front is broken by an Allied offensive. |
| 1918 |
|
The United States recognizes the nation of Czechoslovakia. |
| 1939 |
|
After Germany ignores Great Britain’s ultimatum to stop the invasion of Poland, Great Britain declares war on Germany, marking the beginning of World War II in Europe. |
| 1939 |
|
The British passenger ship Athenia is sunk by a German submarine in the Atlantic, with 30 Americans among those killed. American Secretary of State Cordell Hull warns Americans to avoid travel to Europe unless absolutely necessary. |
| 1943 |
|
British troops invade Italy, landing at Calabria. |
| 1944 |
|
The U.S. Seventh Army captures Lyons, France. |
| 1945 |
|
General Tomoyuki Yamashita, the Japanese commander of the Philippines, surrenders to Lieutenant General Jonathan Wainwright at Baguio. |
| 1967 |
|
Lieutenant General Ngyuen Van Thieu is elected president of South Vietnam. |
| 1969 |
|
Ho Chi Minh, the leader of North Vietnam, dies. |
|
Born on September 3 |
| 1849 |
|
Sarah Orne Jewett, author (Tales of New England, The Country of the Pointed Firs). |
| 1856 |
|
Louis H. Sullivan, architect who gained fame for his design of the Chicago Auditorium Theater. |
| 1875 |
|
Ferdinand Porsche, automotive engineer, designer of the Volkswagen in 1934 and the Porsche sports car in 1950. |
| 1894 |
|
Richard Niebuhr, theologian. |
| 1907 |
|
Carl Anderson, physicist and 1936 Nobel prize winner for his discovery of the positron. |
| 1914 |
|
Dixie Lee Ray, Chair of the Atomic Energy Commission who received the U.N. Peace Prize in 1977. |
| 1927 |
|
Hugh Sidey, news correspondent and author of John F. Kennedy, President. |
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