| 1630 |
|
Emperor Ferdinand II dismisses Albert Eusebius van Wallenstein, his most capable general. |
| 1680 |
|
War starts when the Spanish are expelled from Santa Fe, New Mexico, by Indians under Chief Pope. |
| 1704 |
|
The Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Austria defeat the French Army at the Battle of Blenheim. |
| 1787 |
|
The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia. |
| 1862 |
|
Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest defeats a Union army under Thomas Crittenden at Murfreesboro, Tennessee. |
| 1881 |
|
The first African-American nursing school opens at Spelman College in Atlanta, Georgia. |
| 1889 |
|
The first coin-operated telephone is patented by William Gray. |
| 1892 |
|
The first issue of the Afro American newspaper is published in Baltimore, Maryland. |
| 1898 |
|
Manila, the capital of the Philippines, falls to the U.S. Army. |
| 1910 |
|
British nurse Florence Nightingale, famous for her care of British soldiers during the Crimean War, dies. |
| 1932 |
|
Adolf Hitler refuses to serve as Franz Von Papen’s vice chancellor. |
| 1948 |
|
During the Berlin Airlift, the weather over Berlin becomes so stormy that American planes have their most difficult day landing supplies. They deem it ‘Black Friday.’ |
| 1963 |
|
A 17 year-old Buddhist monk burns himself to death in Saigon, South Vietnam. |
| 1989 |
|
The wreckage of a plane that carried U.S. congressman Mickey Leland and others on a humanitarian mission is found on a mountain side in Ethiopia; there are no survivors. |
|
Born on August 13 |
| 1655 |
|
Johann Christoph Denner, inventor of the clarinet. |
| 1818 |
|
Lucy Stone, woman’s rights activist, founder of Woman’s Journal. |
| 1860 |
|
Phoebe Anne Moses, later known as Annie Oakley, a sharpshooter and entertainer. |
| 1899 |
|
Alfred Hitchcock, director of over 50 films including Rebecca, Rear Window, Psycho and North by Northwest. |
| 1902 |
|
Felix Wankel, inventory of the rotary engine which bears his name. |
| 1912 |
|
Ben Hogan, American golfer. |
| 1916 |
|
Daniel Schorr, radio and television correspondent. |
| 1926 |
|
Fidel Castro, Cuban revolutionary leader and president. |
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