| 1606 |
|
Guy Fawkes is hanged, drawn and quartered for his part in the Gunpowder Plot, an attempt to blow up Parliament. |
| 1620 |
|
Virginia colony leaders write to the Virginia Company in England, asking for more orphaned apprentices for employment. |
| 1788 |
|
The Young Pretender, Charles Edward Stuart dies. |
| 1835 |
|
A man with two pistols misfires at President Andrew Jackson at the White House. |
| 1865 |
|
House of Representatives approves a constitutional amendment abolishing slavery. |
| 1911 |
|
The German Reichstag exempts royal families from tax obligations. |
| 1915 |
|
Germans use poison gas on the Russians at Bolimov. |
| 1915 |
|
German U-boats sink two British steamers in the English Channel. |
| 1916 |
|
President Woodrow Wilson refuses the compromise on Lusitania reparations. |
| 1917 |
|
Germany resumes unlimited sub warfare, warning that all neutral ships that are in the war zone will be attacked. |
| 1935 |
|
The Soviet premier tells Japan to get out of Manchuria. |
| 1943 |
|
The Battle of Stalingrad ends as small groups of German soldiers of the Sixth Army surrender to the victorious Red Army forces. |
| 1944 |
|
U.S. troops under Vice Adm. Spruance land on Kwajalien atoll in the Marshall Islands. |
| 1950 |
|
Paris protests the Soviet recognition of Ho Chi Minh’s Democratic Republic of Vietnam. |
| 1966 |
|
U.S. planes resume bombing of North Vietnam after a 37-day pause. |
| 1968 |
|
In Vietnam, the Tet Offensive begins as Viet Cong and North Vietnamese soldiers attack strategic and civilian locations throughout South Vietnam. |
| 1976 |
|
Ernesto Miranda, famous from the Supreme Court ruling on Miranda vs. Arizona is stabbed to death. |
| 1981 |
|
Lech Walesa announces an accord in Poland, giving Saturdays off to laborers. |
|
Born on January 31 |
| 1734 |
|
Robert Morris, signatory of the Declaration of Independence. |
| 1797 |
|
Franz Schubert, Austrian composer (C Major Symphony, The Unfinished Symphony). |
| 1919 |
|
Jackie Robinson, first African-American baseball player in the modern major leagues. |
| 1925 |
|
Benjamin Hooks, civil rights leader. |
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