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Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal: Turning Point in the Pacific War

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So three Japanese daggers moved south. Kimura’s group, headed by Nagara, to the west of Savo, Ayanami on her own west of Savo, and Hashimoto’s group, headed by Sendai, east of Savo. They knew the Americans were there. They did not know the Americans had battleships.

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The battleship crews were not napping. Washington gun boss Walsh sat ready in the upper conning tower and ordered his gunners to load their 16-inch weapons. The book said it could be done in 30 seconds. Washington’s gun crews did it in 14.

At 11 p.m., Washington’s radar located a target bearing 340 true, broad on the starboard bow, 18,000 yards away. Lieutenant Hank Seely, in his spotting tower, eyed Sendai with his main director. On Washington’s bridge, Ching Lee took a long drag on a Philip Morris and said to Davis, ‘Well, stand by, Glenn, here they come!’

At 11:17 Washington’s bridge ordered, ‘Open fire when ready.’ The ship’s electric bells rang twice, and blinding tongues of flame shot out of the main guns. Seconds later, the secondary 5-inchers opened up on the destroyer Shikinami.

Next, South Dakota fired on the same target. Her radiomen heard Japanese voices chattering on 13 stations. South Dakota’s action report claimed that Shikinami sank instantly. That was not the case, however. Hashimoto’s ships were unhurt. Sendai was straddled, so Hashimoto made smoke and wheeled north, regrouping for a more favorable moment to attack.

‘It looks like he’s turned around and beat it,’ Davis said to Lee on Washington’s bridge as they watched Hashimoto withdraw. Then Lee’s destroyers raced in to attack.

Seely watched the tin cans clash. It looked to him like the entire east coast of Savo erupted with white blobs of light. Actually, the Japanese destroyers Ayanami and Uranami were firing, and behind them were a cruiser and five destroyers, headed straight for Lee’s four tin cans.

The American destroyers lacked SG radar, night training and cohesion. Walke located Ayanami; Benham followed, while Preston spotted Nagara. Soon all four ships were firing at Nagara.

Kimura’s 5.5-inch guns, armed with flashless powder, hit back. He also fired torpedoes, but the range was too close. All missed.

Some Japanese shells did find their mark. Preston was heavily hit in the two firerooms, killing everyone there. The second stack toppled over into the searchlight platform, collapsing it onto the starboard torpedo tubes and igniting their contents. The area was soon a mass of blazing wreckage. The executive officer was killed, the forward guns jammed in train, and Preston began to settle into the sea.

Commander Max C. Stormes, Preston’s skipper, ordered abandon ship at 11:36. A minute later, the ship rolled over on her starboard side, then hung with her bow in the air for 10 minutes before sinking. Gone were 117 men (45 percent of the crew) and her captain.

On Washington, Seaman Naamen Berman, standing next to Lee, was stunned at the speed with which Preston went down. Sailors on Gwin watched, too, but had little time to grieve, as their ship was hit at 11:32 in the aft engine room. Superheated steam drove out the crews. The concussion unlatched torpedo restraining links, and Gwin’s fish slid harmlessly into the sea. Another shell hit her stern, splitting open two depth charges.

Shells hit Walke as her skipper, Commander Thomas E. Fraser, was swinging to launch torpedoes. At 11:38 she was hit by a Long Lance that exploded her No. 2 magazine and blew off the ship’s bow. Power and communications failed, and the ship blazed fiercely. Fraser ordered abandon ship. Four rafts got away safely, but as Walke sank, her depth charges exploded, killing 80–including Fraser.

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  1. 4 Comments to “Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal: Turning Point in the Pacific War”

  2. Utterly fascinating account of a very significant part of our history which most people now days are not aware of. Thanks very much for making this available in this format.

    By Jim Coile on Sep 10, 2008 at 4:55 pm

  3. My Dad was chief firecontrol man on the Gwin in this battle. I never know of this or the other 7 fighting engagements he was in until he finally started talking about it late in his seventies after I pestered him for information. I will never forget the first time I heard his version of the story. To the men on the destroyers, they felt Halsey was sending in four expendable destroyers to draw the Japanese fire and blunt their attack to allow the battlewagons to come to bear. They were ready and willing to do this.

    He told me that they could hear the shelling in the firecontrol room and when they were hit, several times, he said the ship lifted and dropped, and they talked to each other about their coming deaths.

    My Dad talked about the Washington as if she was a troop of rescuing cavalry.

    I marvel as I read this story about the charachter of these people who so casually put themselves in harms way and NEVER talked about their heroism. To my father, as is true of so many of these men, he was just doing his job.

    My thanks for all of the additional info. My brother and I have always been interested in filling in the details of our father’s naval career. It is a sobering reminder that at best, we are only very small chips off of a very big block.

    By Ralph Cooper on Jan 8, 2009 at 3:25 pm

  4. I would like to point out a little know fact about this battle. The captain of the Preston, CAPT Goldsbourough S Patrick and the USS Washington’s gunnery officer CMD Edwin B Hooper were brother n laws. CAPT Patrick went on to retire as a RADM and the NAVY IG under Burke. CDR Hooper went on to retire as a VADM and the Navy Historian. To answer the question of how do I know this, they are my great uncles both of whom I am very proud of and very honored to be related to.

    By ROBERT EDWARDS on May 12, 2009 at 11:49 pm

  5. The following is a biography of the VADM Patrick note the portion concerning the commisioning of the preston and its service time. It is my understand from family history that the preston at Guadicanal is the same preston.

    CAPTAIN GOLDSBOROUGH S. PATRICK, USN
    Captain, USS WISCONSIN 6/11/54-9/3/55
    was born on Goat Island, San Francisco CA. He was the son of Chaplain Bower Reynolds Patrick, the senior Chaplain of the Navy. Admiral Patrick had a distinguished Navy career,, culminating in his appointment as inspector general of the Navy in 1963. He was Chief of the Military Assistance Advisory Group in the Netherlands. His early assignments aboard the AUGUSTA, POPE and the FARRAGUT in the Pacific established him as an innovator in ordnance and gunnery. As gunnery officer, he participated in the development of the concept of a combat information center to integrate the data available from new technologies being introduced into the fleet. In the summer of 1941 he served as a commander of the Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor. His directive that ships moored in Pearl Harbor store live ammunition in their gun mounts contributed to the resistance of the Japanese attack. In 1943 he commissioned the PRESTON, under his command for the duration of the war in the Pacific. He was awarded the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism in connection with his command of the PRESTON during the assaults on the islands of Okinawa and Iwo Jima in 1945, He received a letter of commendation with ribbon for meritorious service, the Bronze Star Medal and a Gold Star. He assumed command of the WISCONSIN 11 June 1954. Retired as RADM

    By ROBERT EDWARDS on May 13, 2009 at 12:04 am

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