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Operation Varsity: Allied Airborne Assault Over the Rhine River

World War II  | 3 comments  | Print This Post  | Email This Post

Private Robert Vannatter of Headquarters, 1st Battalion, 513th Parachute Infantry, was one of the troopers unable to avoid landing in the trees. Amid the smoke and din of battle, Vannatter plummeted through the branches of two tall trees near the edge of a wooded area. As the unlucky trooper took stock of his situation, suspended some 20 feet above ground, he was horrified to see a lone German soldier kneeling on the ground only about 30 feet away. Apparently the noise of battle had masked the sound of his landing, and the German was unaware of his presence.

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As Vannatter considered what to do, the chute suddenly slipped through the branches, dropping him to only five feet off the ground. The sound alerted the German, who whirled around in surprise. Vannatter leveled his carbine at the man and ordered him to drop his weapon and raise his hands. The German obeyed, but then Vannatter realized he had failed to insert a magazine into his carbine. Not only did he have to load his weapon before the German realized it was empty, he also had to find a way to get out of his chute and onto the ground.

Vannatter managed to free himself with the help of his prisoner, then delivered the German to a prisoner-of-war collection point. By the end of the day, the 513th had taken more than 1,100 prisoners and the division had captured nearly 3,000. Handling such a large number of prisoners became a major logistical problem for the Allies.

Glider pilots say a combat landing is more like a controlled crash, which is just what the 194th Glider Infantry, the 680th and 681st Glider Field Artillery battalions, the 139th Airborne Engineer Battalion and the 155th Airborne Anti-Aircraft Battalion experienced as they began to land around noon. The landing zones were crisscrossed with ditches and barbed-wire fences that proved disastrous for the gliders as they came in from every direction. Wings were torn off as the gliders hit trees or smashed into each other. Some overturned in clouds of dust and broke in half, debris flying in all directions. It was a dangerous place to be even without the threat of enemy fire. Amazingly, after a crash the dazed troopers were usually able to climb out of the wreckage, dust themselves off and go off in search of their assembly areas.

Those troopers that came under direct fire in the landing zone scrambled into ditches and sat tight until other troopers could clear the enemy pockets. Some artillery and engineer units landed directly on German gun positions and had to function as infantry to clear the areas before they could move to their assembly points. Operation Varsity marked the first time that gliders had landed in zones not already cleared by paratroopers.

Private Vitautas Thomas of Headquarters, 1st Battalion, 194th Glider Infantry, was especially nervous as his glider banked hard and came in for a rough landing. His brother, a member of another unit in the 17th Airborne, had been killed in action during the Battle of the Bulge. Vitautas wondered if his own time had come.

The glider carrying Thomas, his five fellow squad members and their jeep loaded with ammunition made a typical crash landing. Smashing through a barbed-wire fence, the glider hurdled a large ditch and plowed into an embankment. The men inside were thrown around, and the jeep broke partially free from its lashings and jammed against the side of the glider fuselage. Thomas lost his helmet and rifle in the crash. Under intense machine-gun fire from a nearby building, the glider troopers scrambled out and dived into a ditch. The German gun raked the glider, and the men held their breath, fearing that the ammunition on the plane would explode at any minute.

Later, when things had quieted down a bit, Thomas decided to crawl back to the glider to get his rifle and helmet. He swallowed hard when he found that a German round had passed through his helmet, leaving two gaping holes. Thankful that his head had not been in the helmet, he inched forward to recover his rifle. Just as he reached it, a sniper put a bullet into one of the jeep tires right beside his head. The noise of that tire deflating was enough for Thomas. He scrambled back to the ditch, and there he stayed until other troopers had cleared the building.

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  1. 3 Comments to “Operation Varsity: Allied Airborne Assault Over the Rhine River”

  2. My friend Homer Bates Chase was a member of Company B. 513 th Reg 17th Div. I wonder if anyone as any information about Homer. I would appreciate it.

    Thanks

    Don Forbes

    By Donald Forbes on Jan 29, 2009 at 12:10 pm

  3. My father, Harold K Snyder was part of the 681 st Glider Field Artillery Battalion, 17th Air Borne, 194th Division.

    We’re proud of our dad, He is trying to help me put something very special together for all of our family on his World War II involvements. In fact, he is doing a great job for trying to provide me the information, and he will be 86 come January 9th.

    He was drafted in his 12 th grade, and recieved an honary diploma about 5 years ago.

    Any information that we can obtain will be used to make a special documented type reference for our family to cherish forever, would be greatly appreciated and useful.

    We know he drove a jeep, jumped the Rhine, bailed out of a small triangler window with the col. leaping out of a door to hit the ground in Wesel France; part of the 194th from Wesel, Dursten, Dulmen, Munster, Lippstadt, Ruthen, ect …. areas of this war; He was quick with tying & securing knots to hold the jeep in place in the gliders and more; infact, he even peeled potatoes & still can peel them fast. He stated, “he didn’t mind it, it had to be done”

    We really want to acquire any information and pictures that can help us to preserve this part of our father’s life achievements and more.

    Another person of interest that we would appreciate is about his brother, Charles who lost his live in North Africa.

    By Sue Volz (Snyder) on Sep 9, 2009 at 2:35 pm

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  2. Jun 8, 2009: Operation Varsity: books?

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