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… of people, the clash of totally different ways of life and the pointlessness of hand-wringing. The westward movement followed patterns well established in human history, and I submit it would likely happen again if we had it all to do over in a modern setting.

David Teasdale

Sachse, Texas

Thomas Fleming’s article on the St. Clair–Wayne campaigns in the Northwest Territory, 1791–94, has one serious omission and one misrepresentation that influence understanding of the St. Clair …

… army of Polish conscripts halted a Red army that was seeking to expand the Russian Revolution westward. A Polish counterattack ended the Russian hopes for victory in Poland.

 

… simple model of federalism envisioned by the Founders was proving unequal to the task of managing westward migration. Nothing in the Constitution explained how the new federal government and the states were going to share power with the hundreds of sovereign Indian nations within the republic’s borders. The Constitution’s commerce clause was designed to neutralize the jealousy of states by giving the federal government exclusive legal authority over treaties and commerce with the tribes, …

… Only after learning this did Stalin make the crucial decision to transfer his Far Eastern forces westward. Fifteen infantry divisions, three cavalry divisions, 1,700 tanks, and 1,500 aircraft moved from the Soviet Far East to the European front. It was these powerful reinforcements, commanded by Zhukov, that turned the tide in the Battle of Moscow in the first week of December—at the same time Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. That was the most decisive week of the war, the week that ultimately …

… more personal and introspective, close-up views of individuals at the Alamo, in the Civil War, the Westward Expansion, industrialization, the World Wars, the Depression, and continuing through "A Soldier’s Wife," a heart-wrenching anthem to those at home today who "live and die by the evening news," as songwriter Roxie Dean expressed it.

Suddenly, the mood changes as the "camera" pulls back for long views again, beginning with "This Is My America." …

… was this: Stung by the fire against his left flank, General Ayres pivoted his division to advance westward, perpendicular to the White Oak Road. While this brought him directly against the enemy’s refused flank, it also broke his connection with Crawford’s division on his right. General Crawford, instead of maintaining station off Ayres’s right flank, stuck to his original orders by continuing to tramp in a northerly direction, each minute increasing the gap between the two. When …

Daniel Craig as "Tuvia Bielski" and Alexa Davalos as "Lilka" star in the Paramount Vantage film "Defiance." Photo by Karen Ballard.

What was remarkable about the defiance was not just that they took revenge, but rather that they preserved the life of a community.

Defiance (Paramount Vantage), a new World War II film starring Daniel Craig and Liev …

… the phrase “manifest destiny” as a reference to an inexorable expansion of the United States westward.

James Polk

Horace Greeley

William McKinley

John Mestin

John L. O’Sullivan

John L. O’Sullivan. John L. O’Sullivan is responsible for the use of the phrase “manifest destiny” as a reference to an inexorable expansion of the United States westward. John L. O’Sullivan was the editor of the Democratic Review in 1845 when he wrote of “Our manifest destiny …

‘It is too common for historians of the westward movement to overlook the Antebellum era (1848–1860) and, in doing so, overlook a host of talented officers who served in the West’

Unsung Officers

While one can hardly disagree with Charles M. Robinson III, in his article “Best of the Indian Fighters” [October 2008], placing George Crook as the top officer stationed in the West, the article has its flaws. Seemingly …

… The Wild West

Vietnam War

Weaponry

Westward Expansion

Women’s History

World War II

… But now, in 1814, imminent victory in Europe allowed Britain to send a vast naval armada and army westward to deal with the contentious, outgunned Americans. The British planned a three-pronged offensive: one out of Canada aimed at Lake Champlain and the Hudson Valley, one in the Chesapeake states aimed at Baltimore and Washington, D.C., and the third aimed at the coastal South.

The northern prong failed in the face of American naval strength on the waters of upstate New York. The …

By 1940 the high tide of German victories seemed to presage a ruthless, nightmarish Nazi hegemony over the European continent, a possibility Winston Churchill warned might sink the world “into the abyss of a new Dark Age made more sinister, and perhaps more protracted, by the lights of perverted science.” Yet by early July, the new prime minister had solved some of the most daunting problems …

… and at 4 p.m., it was ordered to move to the junction of Highways 1 and 316, and to attack westward through the village of Ho Nai toward Charlie Company, in the hope of pinning the VC between us. As 1st Lt. Brice Barnes led his scouts into Ho Nai, he ran full speed into a hornet’s nest. Several tracks were hit by RPGs and surrounded by the enemy. Listening to the scouts’ desperate fight on the radio, Charlie Company attacked with renewed vigor as we tried to get to Barnes and his …

… the Mexican border. Looking at an Arizona map, they saw that they could walk only 30 miles or so westward and hit a river, the Gila, which flowed southwest to join the Colorado River near the border. All they needed to float down these rivers was a boat.

The trio—dubbed the “three mad boatmen” by their fellow POWs—proceeded to build a flatboat big enough to carry themselves and their gear. From scavenged pieces of lumber they fashioned the struts of a wooden frame. Canvas and tar …

… Tecumseh’s captain disregarded Farragut’s orders and unwittingly turned his vessel’s bow westward into a submerged cluster of Singer mines, triggering a huge explosion. The massive iron ship rolled to one side and slipped beneath the waves in less than a minute.

The Federals prevailed in that engagement, but the sinking of Tecumseh would go down as the most decisive Confederate torpedo victory of the war—and perhaps the quickest and complete destruction of an enemy vessel ever …

… northerly and southerly courses. 08:15 an enemy dive-bomber attacking USS Raleigh from westward came under severe machine gun fire from all the ships in the nest, nosed down and crashed into the harbor.

Sturgill: Back aft on gun five, we had enough clearance from the other ships in the nest to aim and shoot, but our ammunition was locked up tight, and no one could find a key. So I took a hammer and broke open the locker. The gun captain said, “You’re going to be …